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Aleva FE et al., Chest 2016 Aug 12; This systematic review shows a high rate of PE in patients hospitalized for exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a notoriously difficult clinical diagnosis, and symptoms of PE can overlap with those of acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Further, the inflammation of […]
Read MoreHarlan M. Krumholz, MD, SM Reviewing McEvoy RD et al., N Engl J Med 2016 Aug 28; In a multicenter trial, patients with cardiovascular disease and obstructive sleep apnea had no reduction in risk. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is a common treatment for obstructive sleep apnea, a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. However, little is known about […]
Read MoreEdited by André Sofair, MD, MPH, and William E. Chavey, MD, MS Migraine in children is associated with increased risk for functional gastrointestinal disorders, according to a case-control study in the Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology. Researchers studied 425 children aged 6–17 years who were diagnosed with migraine or tension-type headache in the emergency department, and 650 children who […]
Read MoreHirsch JA and Chandra RV., Lancet 2016 Aug 17; The procedure benefitted some highly selected patients when performed a few weeks after vertebral fracture. Vertebroplasty is injection of polymethylmethacrylate “cement” into a fractured vertebral body to reduce pain and disability. The popularity of this procedure declined after 2009, when two randomized, sham-controlled trials showed no benefit (NEJM […]
Read MoreAuthors: Lia Mesbah-Oskui, M.Sc. et al Anesthesiology published on August 25, 2016. Background: Alterations in thalamic γ-aminobutyric acid–mediated signaling are thought to underlie the increased frontal α-β frequency electrocortical activity that signals anesthetic-induced loss of consciousness with γ-aminobutyric acid receptor type A (GABAAR)–targeting general anesthetics. The general anesthetic etomidate elicits phasic extrasynaptic GABAAR activation (“spillover” inhibition) […]
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