Authors: Wei Zhang, M.D. et al Anesthesiology 12 2016, Vol.125, 1251-1252. In a prospective, randomized, and placebo-controlled trial, Lee et al.1 recently showed that administration of 20% exogenous albumin immediately before surgery increases urine output during surgery and reduces the risk of acute kidney injury (AKI) after off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery in patients with a preoperative serum […]
Read MoreAuthors: Gianmaria Cammarota, M.D., Ph.D. et al Anesthesiology 12 2016, Vol.125, 1181-1189 Background: Compared to pneumatically controlled pressure support (PSP), neurally adjusted ventilatory assist (NAVA) was proved to improve patient–ventilator interactions, while not affecting comfort, diaphragm electrical activity (EAdi), and arterial blood gases (ABGs). This study compares neurally controlled pressure support (PSN) with PSP and NAVA, delivered […]
Read MoreAuthors: Wenhua Zhang, M.D. et al Anesthesiology 12 2016, Vol.125, 1130-1135. Background: The median effective dose (ED50) of intranasal dexmedetomidine after failed chloral hydrate sedation has not been described for children. This study aims to determine the ED50 of intranasal dexmedetomidine for rescue sedation in children aged 1 to 36 months, who were inadequately sedated by chloral hydrate […]
Read MoreAuthors: John W. Eikelboom, M.B.B.S. et al Anesthesiology 12 2016, Vol.125, 1121-1129 Background: The PeriOperative ISchemia Evaluation-2 (POISE-2) trial compared aspirin with placebo after noncardiac surgery. Methods: The authors randomly assigned 10,010 patients undergoing noncardiac surgery to receive 200 mg aspirin or placebo 2 to 4 h before surgery and then 100 mg aspirin daily or placebo daily for up to 30 days after […]
Read MoreAuthors: Patrick J. McCormick, M.D. et al Anesthesiology 12 2016, Vol.125, 1113-1120. Background: We tested the hypothesis that an electronic alert for a “double low” of mean arterial pressure less than 75 mmHg and a bispectral index less than 45 reduces the primary outcome of 90-day mortality. Methods: Adults having noncardiac surgery were randomized to receive either intraoperative […]
Read MoreAuthors: Laurent G. Glance, M.D. et al Anesthesiology 12 2016, Vol.125, 1092-1102. Background: The validity of basing healthcare reimbursement policy on pay-for-performance is grounded in the accuracy of performance measurement. Methods: Monte Carlo simulation was used to examine the accuracy of performance profiling as a function of statistical methodology, case volume, and the extent to which hospital or […]
Read MoreAuthor: Jeffrey W. Sall, Ph.D., M.D. Commentary: Long-term Fate Mapping to Assess the Impact of Postnatal Isoflurane Exposure on Hippocampal Progenitor Cell Productivity Anesthesiology 12 2016, Vol.125, 1090-1091. THE possibility of neurocognitive dysfunction after early exposure to anesthesia is an area of concern for anesthesiologists. Two recent clinical trials (“General Anaesthesia and Awake-Regional Anaesthesia in Infancy” [GAS] […]
Read MoreAuthors: Stefan Muenster, M.D. et al Published in Anesthesiology 11 2016, Vol.125, 952-963 Background: Transfusion of packed erythrocytes stored for a long duration is associated with increased pulmonary arterial pressure and vascular resistance. Prolonged storage decreases erythrocyte deformability, and older erythrocytes are rapidly removed from the circulation after transfusion. The authors studied whether treating stored packed ovine […]
Read MoreAnesthesia & Analgesia: August 31, 2016 AUTHORS: Suresh, Santhanam MD et al BACKGROUND: We evaluated blood bupivacaine concentrations in children having a single-shot sciatic and continuous femoral blocks after anterior cruciate ligament repair. METHODS: Dried blood spot samples were analyzed for bupivacaine levels at 0, 5, 15, 30, 60, and 120 minutes and 4, 24, […]
Read MorePatients with implanted devices for spinal cord stimulation (SCS) for whom paresthesia-based stimulation has failed to relieve pain may have an “effective alternative” in subperception stimulation at 1 kHz, a recent pilot study suggests. The investigators conducted a prospective, randomized study (Neuromodulation2016 May 17. [Epub ahead of print]) to apply the findings of a study […]
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