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Authors: Yifei Jiang, M.D., Ph.D. et al Anesthesiology published on September 22, 2016 Background: Exposure to isoflurane increases apoptosis among postnatally generated hippocampal dentate granule cells. These neurons play important roles in cognition and behavior, so their permanent loss could explain deficits after surgical procedures. Methods: To determine whether developmental anesthesia exposure leads to persistent deficits in granule […]
Read MoreAuthors: Timothy J. Brennan, M.D., Ph.D. et al THE management of acute pain in the opioid-tolerant patients is an important topic in perioperative medicine. In this issue of Anesthesiology, Liu and Gold1 demonstrate that morphine administration that induces morphine tolerance in rats produces resistance to lidocaine-induced nerve blockade ex vivo. Acute pain management can be quite challenging […]
Read MoreAuthors: Takashi Asai, M.D., Ph.D. Anesthesiology 10 2016, Vol.125, 615-617. REPEATED attempts at tracheal intubation increase the incidence of airway obstruction, leading to serious airway complications.1,2 Therefore, major guidelines for difficult airway management unanimously recommend avoiding repeated attempts at tracheal intubation.3–5 Much effort has been made to reduce the incidence of difficult intubation with a conventional Macintosh or […]
Read MoreAuthors: Jurgen C. de Graaff, M.D., Ph.D. et al Anesthesiology Newly Published on September 8, 2016 Background: Although noninvasive blood pressure (NIBP) monitoring during anesthesia is a standard of care, reference ranges for blood pressure in anesthetized children are not available. We developed sex- and age-specific reference ranges for NIBP in children during anesthesia and surgery. Methods: In […]
Read MoreAuthors: Wenhua Zhang, M.D. et al Anesthesiology published on September 15, 2016. Background: The median effective dose (ED50) of intranasal dexmedetomidine after failed chloral hydrate sedation has not been described for children. This study aims to determine the ED50 of intranasal dexmedetomidine for rescue sedation in children aged 1 to 36 months, who were inadequately sedated by chloral […]
Read MoreAuthors: Brian S. Rothman, M.D. et al Anesthesiology 9 2016, Vol.125, 484-494 Background: “Wrong surgery” is defined as wrong site, wrong operation, or wrong patient, with estimated incidence up to 1 per 5,000 cases. Responding to national attention on wrong surgery, our objective was to create a care redesign intervention to minimize the rate of wrong surgery. […]
Read MoreAuthors: Jacques T. YaDeau, M.D., Ph.D. et al Anesthesiology 9 2016, Vol.125, 561-572 Background: Duloxetine is effective for chronic musculoskeletal and neuropathic pain, but there are insufficient data to recommend the use of antidepressants for postoperative pain. The authors hypothesized that administration of duloxetine for 15 days would reduce pain with ambulation at 2 weeks after total […]
Read MoreAuthors: Xin-Hai Wu, M.D. et al Anesthesiology published on September 1, 2016 Background: Patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) after surgery often develop sleep disturbances. The authors tested the hypothesis that low-dose dexmedetomidine infusion could improve sleep architecture in nonmechanically ventilated elderly patients in the ICU after surgery. Methods: This was a pilot, randomized controlled trial. […]
Read MoreAuthors: Philippe Sitbon, M.D. et al Anesthesiology published on September 1, 2016 Background: Opiorphin is a naturally occurring potent analgesic human peptide. It protects enkephalins from degradation and inhibits pain perception in various acute pain models via activation of endogenous opioid pathways. However, the efficacy of opiorphin continuous infusion and its chemically stable form, STR-324, in postoperative […]
Read MoreAuthors: Jessica M. Booth, M.D. et al Anesthesiology 9 2016, Vol.125, 516-524. Background: It is unclear whether recognition of epidural catheter failures is delayed with combined spinal epidural technique (CSE) compared to traditional epidural technique (EPID) when used for labor analgesia. The authors hypothesized that recognition of failed catheters is not delayed by CSE. Methods: Anesthetic, obstetric, and […]
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