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Authors: Mathias Maagaard, M.D. et al Anesthesiology June 2024, Vol. 140, 1165–1175. Background Both dexamethasone and dexmedetomidine increase the duration of analgesia of peripheral nerve blocks. The authors hypothesized that combined intravenous dexamethasone and intravenous dexmedetomidine would result in a greater duration of analgesia when compared with intravenous dexamethasone alone and placebo. Methods The authors randomly […]
Read MoreAuthors: Alexandre Mansour, M.D., Ph.D. et al Anesthesiology June 2024, Vol. 140, 1153–1164. Background Unfractionated heparin, administered during venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation to prevent thromboembolic events, largely depends on plasma antithrombin for its antithrombotic effects. Decreased heparin responsiveness seems frequent on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; however, its association with acquired antithrombin deficiency is poorly understood. The objective […]
Read MoreAuthors: Gaolin Qiu, M.D. et al Anesthesiology June 2024, Vol. 140, 1134–1152. Background Dexmedetomidine has repeatedly shown to improve anxiety, but the precise neural mechanisms underlying this effect remain incompletely understood. This study aims to explore the role of corticotropin-releasing hormone–producing hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (CRHPVN) neurons in mediating the anxiolytic effects of dexmedetomidine. Methods A social […]
Read MoreAuthors: Aurora N. Quaye, M.D. et al Anesthesiology June 2024, Vol. 140, 1088–1097. Background Colorectal cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related death. Adenomas and serrated polyps are precursors of colorectal cancer, with serrated polyps being more difficult to detect during colonoscopy. The relationship between propofol use and polyp detection remains unclear. The authors investigated the […]
Read MoreAuthors: Ramón Eizaga Rebollar, M.D. et al Anesthesiology June 2024, Vol. 140, 1203–1204. Figure 1, B and C correspond to a healthy 2-yr-old boy who underwent hypospadias repair during general anesthesia combined with ultrasound-guided continuous caudal block. Mid-sagittal plane lumbar ultrasound (Sonosite SII, FUJIFILM Sonosite, Inc., USA) showed the dural sac end at S4 vertebral level, significantly lower for […]
Read MoreAuthors: Raquel Pereira-Silva, Ph.D. et al Anesthesiology June 2024, Vol. 140, 1176–1191. Background The dorsal reticular nucleus is a pain facilitatory area involved in diffuse noxious inhibitory control (DNIC) through opioidergic mechanisms that are poorly understood. The hypothesis was that signaling of μ-opioid receptors is altered in this area with prolonged chronic inflammatory pain and that […]
Read MoreHonoring the Heroes: A Reflection on Memorial Day I want to thank our readers and wish them a fun and safe Memorial Day. Please remember that today is a day of reflection, remembrance, and gratitude for those who laid down their lives in service to the nation. Memorial Day serves as a powerful reminder of […]
Read MoreAuthors: Mats Enlund, M.D., Ph.D. et al Anesthesiology June 2024, Vol. 140, 1126–1133. Background Prospective interventional trials and retrospective observational analyses provide conflicting evidence regarding the relationship between propofol versus inhaled volatile general anesthesia and long-term survival after cancer surgery. Specifically, bladder cancer surgery lacks prospective clinical trial evidence. Methods Data on bladder cancer surgery performed under general […]
Read MoreAuthors: David R. McIlroy, M.D. et al Anesthesiology June 2024, Vol. 140, 1111–1125. Background Acute kidney injury (AKI) is common after major abdominal surgery. Selection of candidate kidney protective strategies for testing in large trials should be based on robust preliminary evidence. Methods A secondary analysis of the Restrictive versus Liberal Fluid Therapy in Major Abdominal […]
Read MoreAuthors: Pooja Parameshwar, M.D. et al Anesthesiology June 2024, Vol. 140, 1098–1110. Background Neuraxial analgesia provides effective pain relief during labor. However, it is unclear whether neuraxial analgesia prevalence differs across U.S. hospitals. The aim of this study was to assess hospital variation in neuraxial analgesia prevalence in California. Methods A retrospective cross-sectional study analyzed birthing […]
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