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Uncategorized Published - 13 September, 2016    By - Dr Clemens
A Comeback for Vertebroplasty?

Hirsch JA and Chandra RV., Lancet 2016 Aug 17; The procedure benefitted some highly selected patients when performed a few weeks after vertebral fracture. Vertebroplasty is injection of polymethylmethacrylate “cement” into a fractured vertebral body to reduce pain and disability. The popularity of this procedure declined after 2009, when two randomized, sham-controlled trials showed no benefit (NEJM […]

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Uncategorized Published - 12 September, 2016    By - Dr Clemens
Enhanced Thalamic Spillover Inhibition during Non–rapid-eye-movement Sleep Triggers an Electrocortical Signature of Anesthetic Hypnosis

Authors: Lia Mesbah-Oskui, M.Sc. et al      Anesthesiology published on August 25, 2016. Background: Alterations in thalamic γ-aminobutyric acid–mediated signaling are thought to underlie the increased frontal α-β frequency electrocortical activity that signals anesthetic-induced loss of consciousness with γ-aminobutyric acid receptor type A (GABAAR)–targeting general anesthetics. The general anesthetic etomidate elicits phasic extrasynaptic GABAAR activation (“spillover” inhibition) […]

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Uncategorized Published - 12 September, 2016    By - Dr Clemens
As Supply of Illicit Fentanyl Increased, So Too Did Synthetic Opioid Deaths

Edited by André Sofair, MD, MPH, and William E. Chavey, MD, MS The number of drug products obtained by law enforcement that tested positive for fentanyl (so-called fentanyl submissions) increased five-fold and deaths from synthetic opioids nearly doubled from 2013 to 2014, according to an MMWR study. Annual fentanyl submissions increased from 1000 to 5300 during this period. At […]

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Uncategorized Published - 12 September, 2016    By - Dr Clemens
Distinct Cortical Signatures Associated with Sedation and Respiratory Rate Depression by Morphine in a Pediatric Population

Authors: Gaspard Montandon, Ph.D. et al Anesthesiology published on August 25, 2016 Background: Opioid analgesia is an essential component of perioperative care, but effective analgesia can be limited by excessive sedation and respiratory depression. The cortical signatures associated with sedation by opioids and the relationship between changes in cortical activity and respiratory function are not well understood. […]

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Uncategorized Published - 12 September, 2016    By - Dr Clemens
Effects of Depth of Propofol and Sevoflurane Anesthesia on Upper Airway Collapsibility, Respiratory Genioglossus Activation, and Breathing in Healthy Volunteers

Authors: Jeroen C. P. Simons, M.D. et al      Anesthesiology 9 2016, Vol.125, 525-534. Background: Volatile anesthetics and propofol impair upper airway stability and possibly respiratory upper airway dilator muscle activity. The magnitudes of these effects have not been compared at equivalent anesthetic doses. We hypothesized that upper airway closing pressure is less negative and genioglossus activity […]

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